W ith increasing global attention on carbon emissions management, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) databases have become a crucial tool for companies and governments in formulating environmental policies. These databases not only track the carbon footprint of products but also encompass multiple resource and environmental indicators, facilitating sustainable economic development. 1. Differences in Indicators Carbon footprint databases primarily focus on recording and analyzing greenhouse gas emissions, centering around carbon-related assessments. In contrast, LCA databases include a broader range of resource and environmental indicators, enabling a comprehensive evaluation of the environmental impact of a product throughout its life cycle. For example, the European Union’s Product Environmental Footprint (PEF) requires the assessment of 16 different resource and environmental indicators, covering aspects from energy usage to resource consumption. In Asia and global supply chains (such as Target and the Higg Index), LCA databases are increasingly adopted to comply with policy demands. Additionally, various “carbon reduction and pollution control” policies require LCA methods and databases to fully manage environmental impacts. 2. Differences Between Unit Process Datasets and Aggregated Result Datasets LCA databases are primarily divided into two types: unit process datasets and aggregated result datasets. Unit process datasets  are collected through detailed surveys and data gathering, recording the specifics of each phase in a product’s life cycle, such as energy consumption and raw material usage. However, these unit process datasets must be linked to upstream background databases to form a complete life cycle model, which then produces aggregated result datasets. For example, unit process datasets for steel production need to connect to data from the U.S., Europe, China, Japan, or other regions concerning electricity, coal, and materials to provide a comprehensive and accurate result. Aggregated result datasets  are the outcomes calculated based on a complete life cycle model. Only when the unit process datasets are fully integrated with background databases and the entire life cycle model is established can the aggregated results be obtained. These results include carbon footprints and other environmental indicators, which are used to assess the environmental impact of products from raw material extraction, production, usage, and disposal. In other words, unit process datasets alone are insufficient; they must be combined with background databases to generate a complete life cycle model and produce credible LCA results. 3. The Critical Role of Background Databases The core of any LCA database is its  background database . A background database contains thousands of unit process datasets, covering various basic energy and raw material production processes. Each unit process dataset can trace upstream stages and, when integrated with professional software, form a complete life cycle model. These datasets provide detailed carbon footprints and other environmental indicators, such as raw material extraction and energy consumption, and generate thousands of aggregated result datasets. In other words, a background database must have a comprehensive life cycle process to support downstream products and supply chains in establishing full life cycle models and obtaining accurate LCA results. Without using these background databases, any product life cycle model would be incomplete, resulting in an underestimation of the carbon footprint and environmental impact, or even leading to misleading or inaccurate data. 4. Applications of LCA Background Databases Worldwide LCA databases are widely used around the world, and databases from different regions and countries offer valuable resources for life cycle assessments in various industries: Europe : Europe’s ecoinvent database is one of the most well-known LCA databases. Many European companies use it to calculate the carbon footprint and environmental indicators of products, from food and construction materials to electronics. Particularly within the EU’s PEF framework, companies rely on ecoinvent to meet stringent environmental compliance requirements. USA and Germany : The GaBi database is extensively used in industrial sectors, especially in automotive, energy, and chemical industries. Many companies in the U.S. and Germany use GaBi to assess their products’ environmental impact in global markets and improve the environmental performance of their supply chains through LCA databases. Japan : Japan’s IDEA database focuses on the Asian market, particularly with data on domestic energy and raw materials. It supports Japan’s manufacturing industries, especially in electronics, automotive, and materials sectors, by providing rich LCA data to help these industries achieve higher environmental standards. Asia : As environmental awareness grows in Asia, LCA databases are gradually developing in the region. For example, China’s Life Cycle Basic Database (CLCD) has become an essential resource in promoting carbon reduction and pollution control. CLCD offers comprehensive local energy and raw material data, supporting precise environmental assessments for various industries. It also connects with other global databases, enhancing its competitiveness in the global market. 5. Application of LCA Databases in Asia In Asia, LCA databases are increasingly becoming a vital tool for companies to manage their carbon emissions. By leveraging these databases, businesses can accurately trace the carbon footprint data of each stage in their product supply chain, enabling them to develop effective carbon reduction strategies and establish more industry-specific databases. In conclusion, building and refining background databases are key to enabling companies to perform accurate life cycle assessments and environmental management. This not only enhances the competitiveness of products in the global market but also helps drive the green transition and sustainable development throughout Asia. Author of this article : SSBTi.org 生命週期評估 (LCA) 資料庫與基礎數據庫簡介 隨著全球對碳排放管理的關注不斷增加，LCA（生命週期評估）資料庫成為企業和政府制定環保政策的關鍵工具。它不僅能夠追蹤產品的碳足跡，還涵蓋了多種資源與環境指標，幫助實現更可持續的經濟發展。 1. 指標內容的差別 碳足跡資料庫主要針對溫室氣體的排放進行記錄與分析，專注於碳排放的評估。然而，LCA 資料庫則包含更多元的資源與環境指標，能夠全方位評估產品在其生命週期中對環境的影響。例如，歐盟的產品環境足跡 (PEF) 要求評估 16 種資源與環境指標，涵蓋從能源使用到資源消耗等多方面。亞洲地區和全球供應鏈（例如Target，Higgs），也逐步採用 LCA 資料庫來配合政策需求；各種“降碳減污協同” 政策，也都需要運用 LCA 方法和資料庫來全面管理環境影響。 2. 單元過程數據集與匯總結果數據集的區別 LCA 資料庫中的數據集主要分為兩類：單元過程數據集與匯總結果數據集。 單元過程數據集 是通過詳細調查和數據收集得到的，記錄了產品生命週期中每個階段的具體過程數據，如能源使用、原材料消耗等。然而，這些單元過程數據集必須連接到上游的基礎數據庫，才能構成一個完整的生命週期模型，從而得出匯總結果數據集（ 例如生產鋼鐵的單元過程數據，進一步連接到美國、歐洲、大陸、日本等不同生產地的電、媒、材料的數據庫，匯總數據後的結果不同，而且整個模型才算完整） 。 匯總結果數據集 則是基於完整的生命週期模型所計算出的結果。只有在單元過程數據集與基礎數據庫完整連接，並建立了全流程模型後，才能得到這些匯總結果，這些結果包括碳足跡和其他環境指標。這些數據集可用來評估產品從原材料開採、生產、使用到廢棄處理的整個過程中對環境的影響。 換句話說，只有單元過程數據集是不夠的，必須與基礎數據庫結合，才能生成完整的生命週期模型，並得出可信的 LCA 評估結果。 3. 基礎數據庫的關鍵作用 LCA 資料庫的核心在於其基礎數據庫。基礎數據庫包含了數以千計的單元過程數據集，這些數據集涵蓋了各種基礎能源與原材料的生產過程。每個單元過程數據集都可以追溯上游各個環節，並且通過專業軟件建立完整的生命週期模型。 這些數據集提供了詳細的碳足跡和其他環境指標，例如原材料開採、能源消耗等，並形成了數以千計的匯總結果數據集。換句話說，基礎數據庫需要自身的生命週期過程是完整的，才能有效支持後續產品的全生命週期分析。若無法使用這些基礎數據庫，任何產品的生命週期模型都無法準確反映其真實的環境影響，碳足跡數據會有所低估，甚至可能被誤導為不完整或虛假數據。 4. 全球 LCA 基礎數據庫的應用 LCA 資料庫在世界各地廣泛應用，不同國家和地區的資料庫提供了寶貴的資源支持各行業的生命週期評估： 歐洲 ：歐洲的 ecoinvent 資料庫是目前最知名的 LCA 資料庫之一。許多歐洲企業使用該資料庫來計算產品的碳足跡和其他環境指標，從食品、建築材料到電子產品等，覆蓋了多個行業。特別是在歐盟的產品環境足跡（PEF）框架下，許多企業利用 ecoinvent 來滿足嚴格的環境合規要求。 美國與德國 ：GaBi 資料庫廣泛應用於工業領域，特別是在汽車、能源和化學品行業。許多美國和德國的企業使用 GaBi 來分析其產品在全球市場中的環境影響，並透過 LCA 資料庫來改進供應鏈中的環境績效。 日本 ：日本的 IDEA 資料庫專注於亞洲市場，特別是針對日本國內的能源與原材料數據。它為日本的製造業，尤其是電子、汽車和材料工業，提供了豐富的 LCA 數據支持，幫助這些產業實現更高的環保標準。 亞洲 ：隨著亞洲地區環保意識的提高，當地的 LCA 資料庫也逐步發展。例如，中國的生命週期基礎資料庫 (CLCD) 已經成為亞洲地區推動減碳與污染減排的重要資源。CLCD 提供了豐富的本地能源與原材料數據，支援各行業進行精確的環境影響評估，並與其他全球資料庫相互聯繫，提升其在全球市場中的競爭力。 5. 將 LCA 資料庫應用於亞洲 在亞洲地區，LCA 資料庫的應用正逐漸成為企業管理碳排放的重要工具。企業能夠透過這些資料庫，精確追溯產品供應鏈中每一階段的碳足跡數據，從而制定有效的減碳策略並建立更多行業專屬的資料庫。 總而言之，建立和完善基礎數據庫是企業進行生命週期評估及環境管理的關鍵。這不僅能提升產品在全球市場中的競爭力，還能幫助推動整個亞洲地區的綠色轉型和可持續發展。(完) 本文作者 : SSBTi.org

【臺北金融研究發展基金會 ( https://tff.org.tw） 專題研究發佈-永續目標實現的基石】生命週期評估（Life Cycle Assessment, LCA）是一種用於評估產品、服務或系統在其整個生命週期內對環境的影響的方法，透過全面評估資源使用、環境排放和生態效應，推動更環保、更有效率的生產和消費模式。在執行LCA分析時，瞭解通用標準與指南、專業軟體及資料庫三大元件至關重要，確保研究遵循一致性和可比性，與國際接軌。這三大元件共同構成LCA的基石，協助企業或研究者更精確地量化產品或服務的整體環境影響，並提供科學依據，促進全球永續發展目標的實現。 臺北金融研究發展基金會 ( https://tff.org.tw ）聯合永續未來科技股份有限公司  ( www.SFiTCorp.com )、臺灣磁原科技股份有限公司 ( www.NANOZEO.com )，提供品牌公司及企業供應鏈一個實現永續管理的科學手段與方法學元件，導正目前ISO14064-1/14067系統下的一些供應鏈足跡管理與傳遞的問題。 目錄 一、 LCA三大元件 二、 LCA專業軟體 1.    Simapro 2.   中國eFootprint 3.    德國Gabi（美國） 4.   OpenLCA 5.   Umberto 6.   CMLCA 三 、 LCA資料庫 1.   瑞士Ecoinvent 2.   中國CLCD 3.    德國Gabi（美國） 4.   日本IDEA 一、 LCA三大元件 LCA通用標準與指南 LCA專業軟體 LCA資料庫 ISO 14040 ISO 14044 ISO 14067 ISO 14068 ISO 14021 ISO 14024 ISO 14025EPD ISO 14027PCR Simapro 中國eFootprint 德國Gabi（美國） OpenLCA Umberto CMLCA 瑞士Ecoinvent 中國CLCD 德國Gabi（美國） 日本IDEA 二、LCA專業軟體 ║Simapro 專為科研單位氣候風險模型打造的複雜模型系統 荷蘭自1990年開始推出的生命週期評估工具，主要為Windows系統專用程式。 提供專用於氣候風險模型的複雜模型系統，支援綠色指標評估，包括碳足跡、水足跡、環境足跡等多項評估項目。 專業使用需求，提供全面培訓 使用複雜，需要專業培訓，不易上手。 提供專門的培訓課程，台灣有公司授課，每期一天簡單教授資料庫搜尋，費用約新台幣2萬元，進階課程費用更高。 軟體授權費（單機版）、維護費、專業資料庫費用分開計算。 豐富的搭載資料庫 整合多項基礎資料庫，包括ecoinvent（瑞士）、Agri-footprint（荷蘭，農業相關製程資料庫）、USLCI（美國環保局盤查資料庫）、Industry Data（含世界鋼鐵協會在內各類工業製程資料庫）、EU&DK Input Output Database（歐盟及丹麥地區資料庫）等，涵蓋多個製造業類別，總數約13,000筆製程。 涵蓋多種環境衝擊指標，包括碳足跡（IPCC 2021）、環境足跡3.0版本（Environmental Footprint 3.0，包含地球暖化、臭氧層、酸化、優養化、光化學氧化、水足跡等），提供共數十種環境衝擊評估方法與指標，功能完整，適合學術論文發表。 ║中國eFootprint 全球頂尖資料庫整合 搭載瑞士ecoinvent、歐盟ELCD、亞洲CLCD三大專業製造業足跡資料庫，形成獨特的三合一系統。 是全球少數大規模應用的生命週期評估（LCA）在線系統，包含世界資源研究所（World Resources Institute ,WRI）和世界永續發展工商理事會（The World Business Council for Sustainable Development ,WBCSD）溫室氣體標準（GHG protocol）的協力廠商資料庫，並是目前唯一中文背景資料庫的入選者。 國際合作與專業支援 唯一受歐盟研究總署邀請，成為國際生命週期資料庫網路（LCDN）的中文資料庫，為產品環境足跡（PEF）提供全面資料支援。 適用於鋼材出口產品的LCA資料庫，具備完整功能，適合學術論文、商業申請和認證報告。 教育與培訓支援 以低廉的費用購買模型工具隨贈專業培訓課程，並長期服務。 國際獎項與創新里程碑 由亞洲一流學府-四川大學在2006-2010年開始推出首個中文背景LCA/碳足跡數據庫CLCD和專業LCA軟體eBalance。 2009年獲得聯合國環境署UNEP LCA Award。 2013年開發了國際首個LCA在線系統eFootprint，參與支持歐盟PEF指南要求。 2015 年國際首個基於互聯網的全功能 LCA 在線系統 eFootprint投入實際應用，標誌著全球 LCA 進入互聯網時代。 目前仍為國際上唯一大規模應用的LCA在線系統，並是聯合國環境總署 UNEP 2017 和 2019 LCA Award 比賽官方指定使用的軟體和資料庫之一。 創新科技與開放平台 2020年推出一站式集成SaaS服務平台WebLCA ，同時開放資料庫平台介面，實現更廣泛的應用及整合。 ║德國Gabi（美國） 全方位 LCA 與 MFA 軟體工具 GaBi是一套強大的 LCA 軟體工具，同時兼具物質流分析（Material Flow Analysis, MFA）功能。 提供製程關聯的視覺化操作環境、各國基礎資料庫 （ LCI datasets ）及情境分析等進階功能，使使用者能夠深入了解產品生命週期。 全面支援環境評估軟體 GaBi不僅是協助碳足跡計算的工具，還支援環境產品聲明（Environmental Product Declarations, EPD）、生態特性說明書（Ecological Profile）等有效的軟體工具，尤其適用於特定行業的需求。 能夠計算多種環境衝擊，包括碳足跡、酸雨、臭氧層破壞、優養化等，還能進行基於物質流動的成本評估（Life Cycle Costing, LCC）與工作環境評估（Life Cycle Working Environment, LCWE）並兼顧環境、經濟、社會面的永續產品評估支援。 整合Gabi各國基礎資料庫，及專屬完整資料庫，提供更全面的數據支援。 專業級使用體驗 GaBi的功能複雜且強大，因此需要專業培訓，不太容易上手。 提供高品質的專門培訓教程，雖然費用高昂且以英文授課，但確保使用者能充分發揮軟體的潛力。 ║OpenLCA 開放原始碼生命週期評估（LCA）軟體 openLCA是由德國柏林的GreenDelta（獨立可持續發展諮詢和軟件公司）於2006年開發的開放原始碼生命週期評估（LCA）軟體。 具有廣泛的功能和多元化的資料庫，資料庫可在美國政府網站搜尋（大部分須付費），支援環境生命週期評估建模及計算，適用於產品、經濟等生命週期的評估。 美國政府機關推薦使用，涵蓋學術界、政府機關、企業部門等多個領域。 韓國政府也和openLCA合作建構國家級LCA運算和資料庫中心。 專業培訓支援 英文介面，且使用複雜，需要專業培訓，不易上手。 提供專門的培訓教程，以英文授課，使使用者能充分理解並使用軟體功能。 軟體為免費，但使用者需額外付費以取得更多數據，免費數據較為有限。 跨平台運行及協作 openLCA是單機版軟體，在不連接網路之下亦可運作，支援Windows、macOS和Linux操作系統。 與web-based形態的資料庫良好協作，支援本機端資料庫的連結，使其適用於碳足跡、水足跡、生命週期成本法（Life Cycle Costing, LCC）和環境設計（Design for Environment, DfE）等領域。 ║Umberto 卓越的生命週期評估（LCA）軟體解決方案 Umberto是一款卓越的LCA軟體，得到工業、製造、諮詢、研究和教育等多個領域用戶的高度推薦。 支援最常見的LCA方法和集成LCI資料庫，並能清楚且快速的綜合報告，使使用者清晰了解整個產品生命週期，確保對環境影響進行可靠分析。 節省資源與成本實現生態效率 在投資前確定相關環境熱點，利用情境分析準確計算改善措施的有效性，為決策提供深刻基礎，使公司及其產品更具可持續性。 利用綜合成本會計，打造生態高效產品，將環境績效優化和資源效率結合起來，使產品更具生態效益。 ║CMLCA 專為學術及研究單位生命週期評估（LCA）模型系統 CMLCA在荷蘭萊頓大學環境科學研究所（Institute of Environmental Sciences, CML）開發，該大學在LCA領域擁有20多年的歷史，設計以學生和科學家為重要目標群體。 支援生命週期評估（LCA）包括社會生命週期評估（Social Life Cycle Assessment, SLCA）、生命週期永續性評估（Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment, LCSA）、輸入-輸出分析（Input Output Analysis, IOA）、環境輸入-輸出分析（Environmental Input Output Analysis, EIOA）、生命週期成本（Life Cycle Cost, LCC）和生態效率分析（eco-efficiency, E/E），以及混合LCA等多種評估方法。 三、LCA資料庫 ║瑞士Ecoinvent ILCD國際組織指定推薦四大完整LCA資料庫之一，為使用最廣的通用資料LCA基礎數據庫。 擁有橫跨十多項製造業類別及總數約13,000筆製程。 搭載環境衝擊指標：含碳足跡（IPCC 2021）、環境足跡3.0版本（Environmental Footprint 3.0，內含地球暖化、臭氧層、酸化、優養化、光化學氧化、水足跡等環境衝擊指標）及其他共數十種環境衝擊評估方法與指標。 ║中國CLCD 為中國生命週期足跡基礎資料庫，擁有大中華地區最多項製造業類別及總數龐大製程數據集。 內含ELCD歐盟數據及ecoinvent數據，是eFootprint/WebLCA網路平台軟件的數據庫。 搭載環境衝擊指標：含碳足跡、環境足跡及其他共數十種環境衝擊評估方法與指標。 CLCD與瑞士ecoinvent，德國Gabi，日本IDEA資料庫並列為ILCD國際組織指定推薦四大完整LCA資料庫。 ║德國Gabi（美國） 美國公司Sphera後來購併Gabi ILCD國際組織指定推薦四大完整LCA資料庫之一，為建築行業、等內容廣泛的LCA基礎資料庫。 擁有超過15,000 個每年更新的資料集，打包在約20 個主題資料庫中，為基於生命週期的決策支援，從生態設計和環境產品聲明（Environmental Product Declarations, EPD）到戰略技術決策、碳中和路線圖等，提供了可靠的基礎。 主要在建築、汽車行業、化學品石油、消費品及包裝、電子產品、食品農業等領域為主；為封閉形式的數據庫，Gabi的資料只能在自身軟體中使用。 ║日本IDEA ILCD國際組織指定推薦四大完整LCA資料庫之一，為農業、食品、化學原料等內容廣泛的LCA基礎資料庫。 IDEA全面涵蓋了日本企業幾乎所有的經濟活動。它包含約 3,800 個根據日本標準商品分類進行分類的流程。 IDEA涵蓋了具有 180 多個基本流程的主要影響類別。影響類別包括全球暖化、酸化、臭氧層破壞、礦產資源、化石資源、水資源和土地利用 「 台北金融基金會ESG學院 」、「 永續未來科技股份有限公司 (SFiTCorp) 」、及「 台灣磁原科技股份有限公司 (NANOZEO) 」 攜手合作，共同規劃了兩天的「 碳足跡LCA管理應用實戰班 」，此課程將深入探討LCA框架方法學與碳足跡建模計算操作，提供具體的學習與實戰機會。請點選以下圖片或連結： https://tff.org.tw/ESGWS ，了解更多詳情，未來我們將提供更多相關的學習課程，有興趣者請密切關注我們的最新動態。如您有任何數位課程授權/委製、議題或企業包班等合作的疑問，請透過以下連結與我們聯絡： https://tff.org.tw/contact-us 本文引用來源： https://tff.org.tw/article/691

Among the scientific methods of the SBTi target initiative, the more familiar is the traditional carbon emission calculation method. However, the latest scientific carbon reduction calculation method "Environmental Liability Accounting Method" was developed by Dr. Karthik Ramanna (Oxford University. Professor), what is the "environmental liability accounting method"? How is it different from traditional carbon emission calculation methods? The main difference between the environmental liability accounting method and the current carbon emission calculation method is that it is an [instant messaging system activated from the transaction level]. If relevant information can be provided to decision-makers and enterprises in real time, just like cost and quality information, Different decisions can be made, that is, "decision-making comes first, reporting comes second." What the traditional current carbon emissions calculation system does is record every ton of carbon emissions for each major economic activity and label them. In other words, if one ton of carbon emissions is related to one billion carbon emissions tokens, when one ton of carbon emissions produced by mining one ton of metallurgy is used for thousands of purposes, one billion carbon emissions tokens will also It will be "allocated" in the system just like costs in the accounting system. When I look at the final carbon emissions of any product or service, I only need to calculate the number of carbon emissions tokens embedded in the material. The environmental liability accounting method is to first complete the quantification of relevant information like cost and quality information, and provide it to corporate decision makers in real time, so that the company can make different decisions. It first provides enterprises with the best carbon reduction decisions, and then issues a scientific carbon reduction environmental cost report. This calculation method can be said to be "double the result with half the effort" for scientific carbon reduction reports, and is expected to become the mainstream of SBTi target implementation methods. NANOZEO strives for excellence in this aspect and is the first to obtain authorized data on environmental cost coefficients. The efforts to promote SBTi also have goals and implementation directions. In recent years, NANOZEO has received the assistance of Professor Tong Qingbin of National Taiwan University and Professor Hong Junbo of Mingxin University of Science and Technology, and obtained the authorization conditions of the CLCD database and ecoinvent LCIA (multiple indicators, developer arrangement conditions), and carried out supply chain + consultant group ( SFITcorp.com ) + legal coefficient The three-party collaboration platform ecosystem of the generator ( nanozeo.eFootprint.net ) cooperates with A1 smart manufacturing and many paying authorized partners to comprehensively conduct [environmental accounting cost accounting]. NANOZEO CEO Wang Ruimin said that there is already a localized docking platform that can help companies obtain the world standard database and the ILCD Federation's compliant international footprint database, and can achieve authorized acquisition of environmental cost coefficient data. NANOZEO welcomes inquiries from interested supply chain leaders, and sincerely shares its experiences and paths to work together to achieve sustainability goals.  "Environmental Liability Accounting Method" Karthik Ramanna Introduction to Dr. Karthik Ramanna: Current position: Professor of Business and Public Policy at the Blavatnik School of Government, University of Oxford, Research Fellow at St. John's College. Experience: Assistant Professor of Business Administration at Harvard Business School, founder of the Environmental Liability Accounting Institute, director of the Master of Public Policy course at Oxford University, and member of the PCA. Education: Ph.D., MIT Sloan School of Management. Contact the NANOZEO team https://www.nanozeo.com.tw/efootprint-clcd https://www.nanozeo.com.tw/clcd-customer Tel: +886-3-658-9912 (Global) Tel: +86-137-3828-7571（China） ali@nanozeo.com (Global) pelin@nanozeo.com (China)

【SSBTi 會員動態】CJCHT&NANOZEO 昨天宣布，2024年7月1日起，該集團NANOZEO公司旗下的nanozeo.eFootprint.net 正式推出多平台獨立服務對接，提供生態系服務。 這項服務包含以下幾個特色： 1. eF數據庫獨立分開： 如Google、AWS等，在中國地區都被要求要各自運作。CJCHT曦爵集團作為中國境外eF唯一可以提供服務的公司，已經把系統升級並分開。 2. 係數產生器與模型傳遞： SSBTi 配合eF功能，是供應鏈版的SaaS基礎下全球系統。如果擔心SaaS的洩密問題，可以把系統當作「係數產生器」、「模型傳遞工具」，把資料授權下載到自己的電腦，然後利用其他平台，如盤查軟件、SimaPro軟件、ERP系統上傳「授權足跡係數」，實現資料及模型傳遞驗證。 3. eF發佈企業帳號版： 具備建模傳遞功能、具備所有供應鏈資料傳遞和模型驗證計算核查功能（例如排放比例驗算）；授權係數下載功能（就是數值結果）可購買帳號模型升級。企業帳號是供應鏈版的標準終端軟體，適合給上游廠商傳遞數據和模型。 更多資訊： nanozeo.efootprint.net 新聞聯繫： pelin@nanozeo.com Pelin Zhang（中國）/ Grace Liu（台灣） 中國：021-6467 0653 / 137 3828 7571 台灣：03-658-9912 SSBTi 聯盟會員簡介： 曦爵集團公司為沃爾瑪（Walmart）主力供應商、Target主力供應商、國際獲獎之女性企業家獎、CDP供應鏈領導級別供應商、Target首位淨零排放承諾SBTi代表單位、Walmart Gigaton Gigaguru減碳大師獎章、Gigaton供應鏈A級獎章等。 Nanozeo Inc 為曦爵集團之主要研發單位及技術認證單位，並代表曦爵集團公司進行綠色環保材料開放、環保紙質包裝技術、環保塑膠包裝技術及永續發展服務平臺及全球供應鏈管理系統窗口；與眾多大學及科研單位合作開發環保低碳材料，也是眾多國際品牌如Walmart，Target，Heys等的環保包裝指定供應商及低碳包裝生產技術服務單位，在國際供應鏈中為領導永續包裝/材料品牌。

SSBTi 線上講堂 SSBTi & Oscar-LCA 專題演講＿淨零排放與永續發展的未來＿2024.6.17 主題：SSBTi & Oscar-LCA 專題演講＿淨零排放與永續發展的未來 主持人：陳怡嘉副教授（國立東華大學材料科學與工程學系） 參與人： 汪瑞民（SSBTi 理事長、台灣磁原科技公司董事長） 陳鼎元（淨零排放韌性供應鏈聯盟Oscar 秘書長、再生能源專家） Topic: SSBTi & Oscar-LCA Keynote Speech：Net-zero emissions and the future of sustainable development. Moderator: Associate Professor Yi-Jia Chen (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Dong Hwa University) The main speaker: Raymond Wang (Chairman of SSBTi.org, CEO,NANOZEO Corp.) Ding-Yuan Chen（Secretary General,Net-zero Supply Chain Alliance for Resilience, OSCAR）

本文提供：nanozeo.efootprint.net 面對歐盟碳足跡新法挑戰，CJCHT曦爵、Thermos、Walmart supply chain，Target supply chain等全球零售供應商正積極準備，面對新的挑戰。NANOZEO產品碳足跡機構(nanozeo.efootprint.net) 並轉發以下最新的歐盟動力電池碳足跡法規時間表給SSBTi會員供應商參考。 歐盟動力電池碳足跡法規時間表 •2023年8月17日，歐盟新電池法正式生效。強制要求動力電池必須提供碳足跡聲明，必須符合歐盟碳足跡規則要求，必須通過歐盟指定認證機構的審核。 •2024年4月29日，推遲了兩個多月後，歐盟發佈了《電池碳足跡計算與驗證方法》以及碳足跡聲明格式的徵求意見稿。接下來的主要節點： 2024年5月28日，公開徵求反饋意見結束。 2024年5月1日-6月30日，WTO/TBT備案。 •預計2024年7月，碳足跡計算與驗證方法正式生效 •歐盟更新發布電池碳足跡數據庫（時間未知） •歐盟成員國指定認證機構（公告時間未知） •電池企業簽約認證機構、現場審覈、整改（時間未知） •歐盟委員會是否出面協調和公佈認證結果？（時間未知） •預計2025年8月，第一階段正式執行。屆時如未通過歐盟認證，動力電池及電動車不能上市銷售！ •預計2027年2月，第二階段正式執行。電池將按碳足跡大小分等級。 •預計2028年8月，第三階段正式執行。將出臺碳足跡最大限值，超過限值不許銷售！ •按照歐盟新電池法規定，動力電池第一階段啓動後，儲能電池、輕型交通工具電池等將陸續啓動。 國內外碳足跡發展趨勢 •不僅是電池，不僅是碳足跡：在歐盟《生態設計指令》等一系列政策法規中，紡織、食品、包裝、建材、塑料等行業，都將開始要求提供產品環境足跡PEF信息（碳足跡只是其中一項），未來可能擴展到所有產品。 歐盟動力電池碳足跡的計算和驗證方法（下載PDF參考附件）

By Raymond Wang 2024/4/25 Introduction to LCA Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) has evolved significantly over the past three decades, becoming a key tool in environmental management and decision-making. LCA helps organizations assess the environmental impacts of products throughout their lifecycle, from raw material extraction to disposal. The adoption of LCA into ISO standards and environmental product declarations marks its importance and broad acceptance. LCA concept assumes that: every man-made product is made from all kinds of resources, and it always uses all kinds of resources to exploit, and then produces all kinds of intermediate raw materials, and then sub-produces to the end-product. This is the whole process of life cycle. It is to construct a method that we can quantitatively evaluate the whole process of the life cycle of all kinds of products, starting from the exploitation of all kinds of resources in the upstream, to the production of raw materials in the middle of the downstream, to the production of parts, to the final products, and to the use of products, and after the whole process of the life cycle until it becomes waste. We then can calculate the impacts at various stages and summarize all impacts on various resources from the environment. 2. Practical Applications of LCA LCA is extensively applied across various industries to enhance product sustainability and optimize supply chain decisions. By integrating LCA into corporate strategy and implementation of CARBON ACCOUNTING, companies can not only improve their environmental footprint but also gain a competitive advantage by enhancing product design and consumer transparency. Standards and Guidelines related to LCA: LCA concepts first announced around 1990. Ten years later, it was written into the ISO LCA standards around 1997 to 2018. LCA also become essential in EU’s PEF law in 2024. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), 1997, 2006: IS014040 series Modeling and quantifying the whole-process resource environmental impact/efficiency of various products to support improvement. EPD/PCR, Type III Environmental Declaration, 2006: IS014025 It is also known as Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)and Product Category Rules (PCR) for Certification/Carbon Footprint Label. Product Carbon Footprint (CFP), 2008, 2013: IS014067 It is a popular standard used for Carbon Footprint => It’s a Single indicator, only for carbon footprint. EPD and LCA analysis are Multiple indicators (i.e. you can choose different Impact Assessments, like GWP100 or Water footprints)! GHG quantification at organizational level, 2006, 2018: IS014064-1 It is for corporate level disclousre for GHG on yearly basis. There is also GHG protocol announced for corporate level GHG disclosure, to be used in CDP data entry or SBTi goal. 3. LCA Software and Databases Critical to the practice of LCA are specialized software and databases such as Gabi, IDEA, Ecoinvent, and CLCD (four major core and more complete databases in the world), which provide essential data and analytical capabilities. These tools are indispensable for practitioners to conduct rigorous environmental assessments and support decision-making processes. The core database is like a big collection of various data sheets, each data sheet collecting all kinds of resources consumption and pollution emissions associated with certain raw material or activity. If we talk about LCA databases, normally we are referring to these four independent CORE databases in the world: GABI (Germany/US) and CLCD/eFootprint (China) - database and LCA software, as well as Ecoinvent (Swiss) and IDEA (Japan) – only database. Ecoinvent and IDEA only provide databases, and their databases are also provided to other LCA software tools like Simapro or OpenLCA. Without using these core databases, a LCA report or analysis might not be transparent enough for collaborative efforts or for verifications. For example, you may find many EPD reports using SimaPro (Ecoinvent) and some using eFootprint (CLCD). * SimaPro and eFootprint: software, Ecoinvent and CLCD: database. GHG Protocol website has recommended available databases (core or specific applications) for reference.  https://ghgprotocol.org/life-cycle-databases 4. How to do a LCA analysis? When we want to carry out LCA work, it is a data survey/collection process from enterprises to supply chains. We use the collected data with the LCA software to build a product model like the bottom right drawing; one part is the green ones we have investigated (we call it “primary data”), the other parts are the blue ones (aggregated datasets of components) and the yellow ones (core data of raw materials) that are our database (we call it “secondary data”). In this way, we build a whole process model of the life cycle, and then we can do the calculation in the software to get the desired LCA results (like carbon footprint, water footprint or other environmental footprints). 5. Government and Legal Frameworks The regulatory environment for LCA is becoming increasingly stringent, with standards like the EU’s Product Environmental Footprint (PEF) leading the way. Understanding these legal frameworks is essential for companies to ensure compliance and leverage LCA in market differentiation. EU’s PEF law says: ‘Carbon footprint' (CF) means the sum of greenhouse gas emissions and greenhouse gas removals in a product system. CF is expressed as carbon dioxide equivalents and based on Product Environmental Footprint (PEF) study using the single impact category of climate change. For the first time in the world, the carbon footprint of a product is mandatory! Marking a new stage of development for carbon Footprint /LCA/PEF! 6. Recommendations: Due to the professional requirements and complex nature of the EU carbon footprint rules as a start for regulatory requirement, LCA tools and suitable local databases are essential for service agencies and enterprises to consider as the first step. Knowledge of how to do LCA works and analysis is very scarce in the supply chain, and we need to provide more LCA trainings to supply chain on LCA tools and database. We need to help whole supply train to do sustainability works more systematically, in a way to build a consolidated LCA datasets or database within the supply chain, in order to improve quality of the required disclosure and to be able to find a better way to achieve the net zero goal.

Full Life Cycle LCA Carbon Footprint Professional Training 2023 [Global Phase 12/Taiwan Phase 1] Enrollment Guide With the reporting requirements of the EU CBAM for "product carbon footprint" and "organizational greenhouse gas inventory" this year (2023), there is an intensive demand for carbon footprint/LCA inventory calculation in the near future. Appropriate software tools (specialized calculation tools) and the correct database sources (ELCD EU-recognized databases that are close enough and close enough) become important. This training will provide the most direct answers and training courses for the export supply chain problems faced by Taiwanese companies in the Asia-Pacific region, Southeast Asia and mainland China. The training will use the software tool "efootprint", which is used by the largest number of certified inventory companies in Asia, and the most complete manufacturing database, CLCD. This training will be taught online from overseas, and Taiwan will open corresponding online or physical classroom training, with limited places, and interested parties are welcome to register in advance. (Note: This is one of the few industry professional training in Taiwan with a complete carbon footprint/LCA database software, applicants should fill in the registration information accurately, if there is any falsehood, the training qualification will be cancelled.) 1. Training background In order to actively respond to climate change, countries have successively carried out carbon neutrality actions, and life cycle carbon footprint calculation is the premise and foundation for various products and their industrial chains to move towards carbon neutrality, and it is also a necessary carbon neutrality professional knowledge and skills for various industries in the next 40 years. At present, carbon footprint/LCA is being popularized in various industries, but there is a serious shortage of professional carbon footprint/LCA talents in leading companies in various industries, certification and consulting service providers, and there are many related recruitments, but it is difficult to find professional talents. Calculating a product's carbon footprint requires a thorough grasp of standards, tools, and databases, as well as hands-on experience, and is a must for professionals in carbon neutrality, carbon footprint, and LCA. In particular, represented by the EU Product Environmental Footprint PEF Guidelines, the LCA/carbon footprint method has been continuously refined, standardized, and even adopted by regulations, and the professional requirements have been continuously improved, and systematic learning is required. It can be seen that it is the right time to systematically learn and master carbon footprint calculation and life cycle assessment LCA! From August 23 to September 1, 2023, MagnetSilicon Technology Co., Ltd. will cooperate with its partner webLCA to hold the 12th Life Cycle LCA/Carbon Footprint Professional Training! This training will prepare corresponding product LCA/carbon footprint cases, categorized demonstrations and coaching according to the industry selected by the trainees, so as to ensure that what you have learned, what you have learned, and what you have learned! Industries include (but are not limited to): energy, metallurgy, teaching materials, chemicals, building materials and construction, machinery, electrical, electronic appliances, automobiles, plastics, chemical fibers, textiles, agricultural products, food and beverage, light industry, packaging, transportation, infrastructure construction, environmental protection, waste disposal, recycling, etc. 2.the training time LCA Method Theory Training (2 days online): August 23 to August 24, 2023 There is also professional training on EU battery regulation and EU carbon footprint (please contact separately) 3.the content of the training Researchers, professional and technical personnel, management personnel, etc. of leading enterprises in various industries, certification bodies, consulting institutions, universities and research institutions. Note: No prior knowledge or experience in carbon footprint/LCA is required. Professional training on EU battery regulations and EU carbon footprint (limited to the following two categories of participants): 1. Power battery and raw material supplier enterprises, electric vehicle enterprises; 2. Personnel of the cooperative unit that signed a cooperation agreement with Taiwan Magnetion Technology Co., Ltd. in 2023. Note: This training will explain the battery regulations and EU carbon footprint requirements section by section, the content is more complex, in order to facilitate understanding, it is recommended to participate in the LCA method theory training in advance. 4. Introduction of the organizer and training team (1) Organizers Nanozeo Inc. is the main R&D unit and technical certification unit of Xijue Group, and on behalf of Xijue Group, it conducts the opening of green environmental protection teaching materials, environmentally friendly paper packaging technology, environmentally friendly plastic packaging technology and sustainable development service platform and global supply chain management system window, and cooperates with many universities and scientific research institutions to develop environmentally friendly and low-carbon teaching materials, and is also the leader of many international brands such as Walmart, Target, and Heys Xijue Group is the main supplier of Walmart, the main supplier of Target, the internationally awarded Women Entrepreneur Award, the CDP supply chain leadership supplier, the first representative unit of Target's net-zero emission commitment SBTi, the Walmart Gigaton Gigaguru Carbon Reduction Master Medal, Gigaton Supply Chain A-level Medal, etc., this training is authorized by the training platform of Chengdu Yike Environmental Technology Co., Ltd. MagnetMetal and E.K. Environment are engaged in the R&D and consulting services of life cycle assessment (LCA), carbon footprint/carbon emission reduction/carbon neutrality, as well as method standards, databases, management systems and public service platforms for various green environmental evaluation systems, and are the world's leading one-stop solution providers with independent intellectual property rights. (2) Training team Since its establishment in 1998, the carbon neutrality research team of Taiwan Magnetiday Technology & Xijue Group has been cooperating with the parent company Xijue Group to develop environmental protection product technology in the international supply chain, and has been engaged in it since 2010 CDP (International Carbon Disclosure Program) has accumulated a lot of practical experience in the establishment and evaluation of Scope 3 emission factors in supply chain management, and participated in the construction of a number of footprint databases Gigaguru Carbon Reduction Master Medal, Gigaton Supply Chain A Medal, etc.). 5. Training schedule LCA Method Theory Training (Classroom Tutorial + Online Live Course, 2 days) Value-added post-training content After signing up, you will receive an online course on LCA/carbon footprint software and database operation (recorded and viewed repeatedly), and students can flexibly arrange their software learning time. 6.the training highlights Interpret the EU Product Environmental Footprint PEF Guidelines, which are essential requirements to become a Carbon Footprint/LCA Professional. Combined with the CLCD carbon footprint/LCA database (most of the global commodity supply chain manufacturers are produced in China, and the China carbon footprint database is recognized by various countries as one of the most complete and credible databases), typical product cases in various industries are introduced, which is suitable for students from various industries. The system introduces the three major systems of the WebLCA platform: eFootprint, CarbonZero, and GPM, and masters comprehensive tools. In the training, the upstream and downstream of the supply chain will be simulated, data investigation and modeling analysis will be completed collaboratively, and advanced working methods will be mastered. Through the training, participants will independently complete the product carbon footprint/LCA work, including data collection, modeling calculations, and analysis reports. After passing the audit, students can obtain a professional training certificate certified by Magnetiday Technology Co., Ltd 7. Training arrangement Training Format: 1. Classroom Coaching + Live Online (LCA Method Theory Training) 2. Synchronous live broadcast of physical online classes (to assist students who cannot open the Little Goose Pass/WeChat port): Students will go to the training classroom in Taipei or Hsinchu to participate. It is recommended to bring a laptop. Venue: 1 Taipei : Xijue Group Office, near Shandaosi Station. 2. Hsinchu Field: Zhubei NANOZEO office, building opposite Hsinchu high-speed rail station. Note: The number of seats is limited, and the actual open class location is subject to the number of applicants. Training Duration : LCA Method Theory Training: 08/23 to 08/24 Registration deadline: August 21 Training Fee: LCA Method Theory Training: NT$20,000 per person (tax included) Includes: two-day training course (classroom explanation fee + live connection fee), LCA software operation course (recorded and broadcast) Carbon footprint software and database training account, electronic materials, training certificates, online answers, join the training group, etc. (Pei.) Tea and lunch will be provided during the training) Registration and payment methods: (1) Taiwan Magneta Technology Co., Ltd. registration and payment. (If you need to issue a triple bill invoice, please inform the letterhead and unified number) (2) Bank transfer Bank: Cathay United China Zhuke Branch (0130752) Account name: Taiwan Magnetion Technology Co., Ltd Account Number: 075036004801 Please note "The 12th training + unit abbreviation + contact person name + number of trainees" on the registration form. 8. Contact information Contacts Liu GRACE #2001 Wu Cherry #2006 Phone: 03-6589912 Email: grace@nanozeo.com  cherry@nanozeo.com 9. Training instructions 1. Applicants should fill in the registration information carefully, if the content is untrue, the training qualification will be cancelled. 2. The training will provide a carbon footprint software and database account, which contains 3 trial models, which is valid for one week after the end of the training course, that is, the trainees who participated in the LCA method theory training from 08/23 to 08/24 will have their training account expiry date on 2023/09/01. 3. The training course will be bound to the registration mobile phone number one working day before the start of the training (2023-08-22 and 2023-08-24 respectively), and the carbon footprint software and database account password will be sent to the registration email, please pay attention to check the email. 4. If affected by force majeure, the company can reschedule the offline training, and will notify the registered students in advance. 5. In order to enter the answer group smoothly, please add the LCA training assistant WeCom according to the email information after payment. 6. A video replay will be available for the LCA Theory Online Training Course, which is valid for one week after the end of the training, i.e., the video replay expires on September 1, 2023. 7. To obtain the training certificate, you need to submit the training assignment and pass the review within the validity period of the account, and the certificate will be issued on September 5, 2023 (LCA method theory training) and September 12, 2023 (EU battery regulation and EU carbon footprint professional training). 8. Participants are required to have a laptop or computer with internet access to watch the training sessions or practice using the carbon footprint software. 9. As a seminar and learning material, this course has been set up with an encrypted traceability function, please do not transcribe, copy, and do not disseminate course images, audio and other materials to the outside world. Anyone who violates this provision will be held legally responsible. Taiwan MagnetSilicon Technology Co., Ltd. 2023-07-26 The registration for this session is full, looking forward to the next training Contact : 03-6589912 Liu GRACE # 2001 Wu Cherry # 2006 EMAIL: grace@nanozeo.com 、cherry@nanozeo.com Refer to the attachment

SSBTi/Nanozeo, together with LnData and Taiwanese software companies in Vietnam, announced the proposal of a new three-in-one solution "LCA Data Platform" for the basic functions of footprint coefficient query required for Scope 3 （i.e. supply chain data）. The platform is proposed by international supply chains such as CJCHT （a supplier for Walmart and Target）, and cooperates with supply chain's SBTi (i.e. SSBTi.org) to build the world's first basic database service platform for supply chain with the world. Several system vendors have been involved in the development and release of a number of Scope 3 tools and platforms (ERP based or SaaS based) that combine carbon inventory to check carbon footprint. Data collection and database co-construction of enterprises and supply chains The first step of this initiative is to start providing "ecosystem services" for carbon footprint factor/coefficient databases in various industries, combining (1) the world's two most suitable carbon footprint database systems (CLCD and ecoinvent) in Asia, with professional training and engineering support for multiple carbon footprint LCA software tools (SimaPro/eFootprint), to obtain legal authorization and multiple purchase methods, and (2) through a professional training and consulting team across software platforms and multiple databases (details). (https://tff.org.tw/article/691) The system provides the consulting and upstream and downstream verification and delivery functions required for supply chain management, and can obtain the most complete carbon footprint LCA coefficient query and construction across eFootprint is one of the LCA leading softwares After 30 years of development, the life cycle basic database has finally entered the level of international standards and national participation, coupled with the complexity and professionalism of the EU's carbon footprint professional requirements, docking with the international standard basic database, for our standards, certification, and service organizations, all need to be systematically re-learned. This is also the primary task of SSBTI in cooperation with the research team of National Taiwan University and Mingxin University of Science and Technology. It is expected that there will be a new LCA professional multi-platform tool training in July, and everyone is welcome to participate. Footprint coefficient library, analysis data result page (Fig▼) LCA footprint data, supply chain request delivery page (Figure▼) News contact: Liu Grace +886-3-6589912 info@ssbti.org

By Raymond Wang of SSBTi.org/ZeoLCA.com 2023/8/29 1. Q&A about LCA methodolog 2. Q&A about LCA software 3. Q&A on Carbon Footprint 4. Q&A on the basic concepts of carbon footprint data analysis [Intermediate Flow], [LCA Evaluation], and [Basic Flow] By Raymond Wang of SSBTi.org/ZeoLCA.com 2023/8/29

SSBTi said today that its members and partners will participate in biodiversity and positive natural growth issues, and together make Taiwan a major advocate participant and contributor to the world's biodiversity issues, positive natural growth, and natural carbon rights. SSBTi (Supply Chain Science Based Carbon Reduction Initiative Alliance and Science Based Carbon Reduction Initiative Association) also announced its participation in supporting the National Taiwan University Biodiversity Database and LCA training, and is committed to achieving the 2030 Biodiversity and Nature Positive Growth Goals. ▲ Caption: According to this diagram, it is shown that biodiversity will achieve a "positive growth" result in 2030 (the result is no longer negative, but a trend of "positive growth]); Nature Positive is a response to the Paris Agreement's desire to reverse the trend of continued degradation of natural capital in 2030 (in a curve), with "positive growth" being the result and "positive impact" being the action. Bio Diversiy has become a key indicator of CDP application and sustainability issues, and how to slow down the loss of biodiversity and achieve "Nature Positive" is the most important and missing part of the sustainability goal. In the past, there have been a number of cases and practices of passive biocompensation, most of which have been remediated and compensated for the environmental and biological impacts caused. From understanding biodiversity indicators, to protecting and maintaining biodiversity, and achieving the goal of positive growth of nature (such as reversing the trend of biodiversity loss by 2030 and turning it into a positive trend), we need positive tools to actively carry out nature conservation and restoration work, which is the background and purpose of bio credits, including biology and related environmental issues. SSBTi participates in the training and construction of the National Taiwan University's biodiversity database and LCA tools, sponsors the tools and data required by relevant personnel at NTU, and hopes to contribute to this issue, and at the same time unite all SSBTi members and partners to make Taiwan a major advocate participant and contributor to the world's biodiversity issues and nature's positive growth/natural carbon rights, Taiwan can help! It is expected that in early July, we will cooperate with NTU professors to hold a world forum to advocate BioCredit+ and the topic of positive natural growth. Related terms： Biodiversity Nature Positive Biocredit Contact：Ali Ke +886-3-6589912 info@ssbti.org

Edit by Raymomd 2023/08/23 The European Union's (EU) much-anticipated battery regulations will formally take effect today, following their official announcement 20 days ago. These new guidelines introduce significant changes poised to impact battery producers across the globe, with companies in China and Taiwan being at the forefront of these challenges. Key Highlights of the New Regulations: Beginning in 2027, any power batteries destined for European markets will mandatorily require a "Battery Passport." This document will provide in-depth details about the battery, encompassing its manufacturer, material composition, carbon footprint, and intricate supply chain information. The path to this legislation has spanned three years, witnessing Asian battery companies transition from initial apprehensions to active participation, and ultimately, acceptance of the impending paradigm shift. Upon the new battery law's enforcement, Asian battery producers exporting to Europe will confront three primary challenges: Carbon Footprint Declarations: Commencing from July 2024, a significant majority of batteries exported to Europe must be accompanied by a carbon footprint statement and label. This entails companies to meticulously collect, compute, and disclose carbon emissions data throughout the entire life cycle of the battery, from raw material extraction, through production, and up to recycling and reuse. The current landscape shows many Chinese battery companies grappling with this, mainly due to a lack of comprehensive data and established tools to measure these footprints accurately. Recycling and Reuse of Battery Materials: The EU's new directives mandate specific quotas for incorporating recycled materials in power batteries. However, China currently lacks a robust mechanism to validate the use of recycled raw materials in batteries. This absence of a verification system might pose significant challenges for future exports. Recycling and Reuse of Battery Materials: Starting February 18, 2027, a majority of power batteries entering European markets will need a detailed "Battery Passport." This document will necessitate approximately 90 mandatory data attributes, in addition to voluntary recommendations. The specifics will encompass details like battery and manufacturer information, compliance and certification metrics, carbon footprint, supply chain due diligence, material composition, and performance metrics, among others. China's Stance and Response: Being a dominant player in power battery exports to Europe, China has proactively initiated its rendition of the "Battery Passport" to align with these new European directives. This strategic move is tailored to ensure seamless battery trade relations between China and the EU. It's pivotal to note China's overwhelming presence in the battery production landscape, holding a staggering 77% of the global market share. Furthermore, China's power battery market share in Europe has seen a meteoric rise-from 14.9% in 2020 to an impressive 34% in 2023. The Broader Implication: The EU's transition towards more stringent battery regulations is a testament to its unwavering commitment to sustainability, responsible sourcing, and championing a circular economy in the battery sector. This move is anticipated to set a global precedent, prompting other nations to follow suit. For further inquiries, please reach out to SSBTi.org or Nanozeo.com; Email: raymond@ssbti.org